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Human trafficking in Nepal
Human trafficking in Nepal is a serious concern. Nepal is mainly a source country for men, women and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking.〔US State Department (2011). Trafficking in Persons Report 2011 Country Narratives -- Countries N Through Z. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2011/164233.htm〕 The Trafficking in Persons Report (TIP) compiled by the US State Department rates Nepal as Tier 2, the explanation of which is “the government does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so.” 〔
==Overview of human trafficking==
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) defines human trafficking as "the recruitment, transport, transfer, harbouring or receipt of a person by such means as threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud or deception for the purpose of exploitation." 〔UNODC (2012). Human Trafficking FAQs. Retrieved March 26, 2012, from http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/human-trafficking/faqs.html〕 All countries are affected as source or destination countries or a combination of both, although developing countries tend to be source countries for developed nations.〔
According to a conservative estimate by the International Labor Organization, around 2.4 million people—overwhelmingly women and girls—are currently in forced labor as a result of trafficking, creating a 32 billion USD industry worldwide. Around 1.2 million victims of trafficking are minors: around 43% are trafficked for commercial sexual exploitation while 32% are for involuntary servitude, and 25% for a mixture of both .〔ILO Trafficking in persons (2009). Retrieved February 20, 2012, from http://www.ilo.org/public/ english/protection/migrant/areas/trafficking.htm〕
Nepali victims are trafficked within Nepal, the Middle East, and even Europe plus other areas such as Malaysia and forced to become prostitutes, domestic servants, beggars, factory workers, mine workers, circus performers, child soldiers, and others.〔 〔〔Subedi, G. (2009). TRAFFICKING IN GIRLS AND WOMEN IN NEPAL FOR COMMERCIAL SEXUAL EXPLOITATION: EMERGING CONCERNS AND GAPS. Pakistan Journal of Women’s Studies, 16(1/2), 121–146.〕 Sex trafficking is particularly rampant within Nepal and to India, with as many as 5,000-10,000 women and girls trafficked to India alone each year.〔Poudel, P & Carryer, J. (2000) Girl-trafficking, HIV/AIDS, and the position of women in Nepal. Gender & Development, 8(2), 74-79. doi:10.1080/741923626〕〔Koirala A, Banskota HK, Khadka BR: Cross border interception – A strategy of prevention of trafficking women from Nepal. Int Conf AIDS :15. 2004, Jul 11–16〕
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